Health Conditions

What causes it?

Currently, the exact cause of IBD is unknown, although a variety of theories are under investigation.

• Genetics: This theory includes the possibility that genetic defects may affect certain tissues in the body. Researchers recently discovered a specific gene that is linked to Crohn's disease. In addition, a family history of IBD may be a predictor in the development of this disease.

• Immune factors: Another theory is that an individual with IBD may be suffering from an immune disorder in which the body attacks itself. Specifically, researchers are looking at a cytokine called tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Cytokines are small proteins released from cells that have a very specific effect on the behavior of individual cells and on how one cell communicates and interacts with another cell. TNF, in increased amounts, could be responsible for causing the abnormal functioning of the intestine that results in IBD.

• Infections: Infections from viruses and bacteria (including chlamydia) are also under investigation as potential causes of IBD.

• Diet: Diets that are low in fiber and high in refined sugars could possibly contribute to the development of Crohn?s disease.

• Smoking: While smoking seems to reduce risk for ulcerative colitis, smoking has been associated with an increase in development of Crohn?s disease.

• Certain medications: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are drugs that reduce pain, fever, and inflammation. Popular NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen (if used excessively) can help to tear down the mucus protective lining of the digestive tract thereby promoting IBD.